Although drinking does not appear to be detrimental to all-cause mortality in individuals with Parkinson disease, alcohol consumption in Parkinson disease requires attention considering individual motor and non-motor symptoms. Future studies in other ethnic groups are warranted to validate the association between alcohol consumption and disease progression, including mortality, in Parkinson disease.
The scientists here analyzed data from GSE264648 and eQTLGen and identified four key genes that were significantly associated with Alzheimer's disease risk: IFNGR1, KLHL5, NUMB, and WDFY4. Functional annotation revealed that PVMs were involved in immune regulation and metabolic pathways, particularly IL-6_JAK_STAT3 and Notch signaling. Immune infiltration analysis showed increased M2 macrophages in Alzheimer's disease patients, suggesting their roles in neuroinflammation. Pseudo-time analysis highlighted developmental shifts in PVMs during disease progression.
Frailty is associated with respiratory exacerbations and mortality in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Among those with a smoking history and normal spirometry, frailty's association with respiratory outcomes is less defined. Adjusting for smoking and lung function, frailty was associated with prospective respiratory exacerbation rate, severe exacerbations, and frequent exacerbations (OR 5.5(3.2-9.3. Frailty and prefrailty were associated with increased all-cause mortality (AHR: frailty 4.5(2.4-8.5; prefrailty 2.5(1.5-4.2. Baseline DunedinPACE of aging was associated with prospective frailty at 10-year follow-up. Frailty associated with respiratory exacerbations and mortality; findings persisted among individuals with normal spirometry, highlighting the relevance of evaluating for frailty in people with a history of smoking.